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Practical Programming - An Introduction to Computer Science Using Python 3 - 2nd Edition
Год: 2013 Автор: Paul Gries and Others Жанр: Programming Издательство: Pragmatic Bookshelf ISBN: 978-1-93778-545-1 Язык: Английский Формат: PDF Качество: Отсканированные страницы Интерактивное оглавление: Нет Количество страниц: 388 Описание: This book uses the Python programming language to teach introductory computer science topics and a handful of useful applications. You’ll certainly learn a fair amount of Python as you work through this book, but along the way you''ll also learn about issues that every programmer needs to know ways to approach a problem and break it down into parts, how and why to document your code, how to test your code to help ensure your program does What you want it to, and more.
What''s Programming? . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Programs and Programming 2 1.2 What''s a Programming Language? 3 1.3 What''s a Bug? 4 1.4 The Difference Between Brackets, Braces, and Parentheses 5 1.5 Installing Python 5 Hello, Python . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 How Does a Computer Run a Python Program? 7 2.2 Expressions and Values: Arithmetic in Python 9 2.3 What Is a Type? 12 2.4 Variables and Computer Memory: Remembering Values 15 2.5 How Python Tells You Something Went Wrong 22 2.6 A Single Statement That Spans Multiple Lines 23 2.7 Describing Code 25 2.8 Making Code Readable 26 2.9 The Object of This Chapter 27 2.10 Exercises 27 Designing and Using Functions . . . . . . . . 31 3.1 Functions That Python Provides 3 1 3.2 Memory Addresses: How Python Keeps Track of Values 34 3.3 Defining Our Own Functions 35 3.4 Using Local Variables for Temporary Storage 39 3.5 Tracing Function Calls in the Memory Model 40 3.6 Designing New Functions: A Recipe 47 3.7 Writing and Running a Program 59 3.8 Omitting a Return Statement: None 60 3.9 Dealing with Situations That Your Code Doesn''t Handle 61 3.10 What Did You Call That? 62 3.1 1 Exercises 63 Working with Text . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4.1 Creating Strings of Characters 65 4.2 Using Special Characters in Strings 68 4.3 Creating a Multiline String 70 4.4 Printing Information 70 4.5 Getting Information from the Keyboard 73 4.6 Quotes About Strings in This Text 74 4.7 Exercises 75 Making Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.1 A Boolean Type 77 5.2 Choosing Which Statements to Execute 86 5.3 Nested If Statements 92 5.4 Remembering the Results of a Boolean Expression Evaluation 92 5.5 You Learned About Booleans: True or False? 94 5.6 Exercises 94 A Modular Approach to Program Organization . . . . 99 6.1 Importing Modules 100 6.2 Defining Your Own Modules 104 6.3 Testing Your Code Semiautomatically 109 6.4 Tips for Grouping Your Functions 1 12 6.5 Organizing Our Thoughts 1 13 6.6 Exercises 1 14 Using Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 7.1 Modules, Classes, and Methods 1 15 7.2 Calling Methods the Object-Oriented Way 1 17 7.3 Exploring String Methods 1 19 7.4 What Are Those Underscores? 123 7.5 A Methodical Review 125 7.6 Exercises 125 Storing Collections of Data Using Lists . . . . . . 129 8.1 Storing and Accessing Data in Lists 129 8.2 Modifying Lists 133 8.3 Operations on Lists 134 8.4 Slicing Lists 137 8.5 Aliasing: What’s in a Name? 138 8.6 List Methods 140 8.7 Working with a List of Lists 142 8.8 A Summary List 144 8.9 Exercises 144 9. Repeating Code Using Loops . . . . . . . . 147 9.1 Processing Items in a List 147 9.2 Processing Characters in Strings 149 9.3 Looping Over a Range of Numbers 150 9.4 Processing Lists Using Indices 152 9.5 Nesting Loops in Loops 154 9.6 Looping Until a Condition Is Reached 158 9.7 Repetition Based on User Input 161 9.8 Controlling Loops Using Break and Continue 161 9.9 Repeating What You''ve Learned 165 9.10 Exercises 166 10. Reading and Writing Files . . . . . . . . . 171 10.1 What Kinds of Files Are There? 171 10.2 Opening a File 173 10.3 Techniques for Reading Files 176 10.4 Files over the Internet 181 10.5 Writing Files 182 10.6 Writing Algorithms That Use the F ile-Reading Techniques 183 10.7 Multiline Records 191 10.8 Looking Ahead 194 10.9 Notes to File Away 196 10.10 Exercises 197 11. Storing Data Using Other Collection Types . . . . . 199 1 1.1 Storing Data Using Sets 199 1 1.2 Storing Data Using Tuples 204 1 1.3 Storing Data Using Dictionaries 209 1 1.4 Inverting a Dictionary 216 1 1.5 Using the In Operator on Tuples, Sets, and Dictionaries 217 1 1.6 Comparing Collections 218 1 1.7 A Collection of New Information 218 11.8 Exercises 219 12. Designing Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . 223 12.1 Searching for the Smallest Values 224 12.2 Timing the Functions 232 12.3 At a Minimum, You Saw This 234 12.4 Exercises 234 13. Searching and Sorting . . . . . . . . . . 237 13.1 Searching a List 237 13.2 Binary Search 245 13.3 Sorting 249 13.4 More Efficient Sorting Algorithms 259 13.5 Mergesort: A Faster Sorting Algorithm 261 13.6 Sorting Out What You Learned 265 13.7 Exercises 266 14. Obj ect-Oriented Programming . . . . . . . . 269 14.1 Understanding a Problem Domain 270 14.2 Function “Isinstance," Class Object, and Class Book 271 14.3 Writing a Method in Class Book 274 14.4 Plugging into Python Syntax: More Special Methods 280 14.5 A Little Bit of 00 Theory 282 14.6 A Case Study: Molecules, Atoms, and PDB Files 288 14.7 Classifying What You’ve Learned 292 14.8 Exercises 293 15. Testing and Debugging . . . . . . . . . . 297 15.1 Why Do You Need to Test? 297 15.2 Case Study: Testing above_freezing 298 15.3 Case Study: Testing running_sum 304 15.4 Choosing Test Cases 310 15.5 Hunting Bugs 31 1 15.6 Bugs We''ve Put in Your Ear 312 15.7 Exercises 312 16. Creating Graphical User Interfaces . . . . . . . 317 16.1 Using Module Tkinter 317 16.2 Building a Basic GUI 319 16.3 Models, Views, and Controllers, Oh My! 323 16.4 Customizing the Visual Style 327 16.5 Introducing a Few More Widgets 332 16.6 Object-Oriented GUls 335 16.7 Keeping the Concepts from Being a GUI Mess 336 16.8 Exercises 336 17. Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 17.1 Overview 339 17.2 Creating and Populating 340 17.3 Retrieving Data 344 17.4 Updating and Deleting 347 17.5 Using NULL for Missing Data 348 17.6 Using Joins to Combine Tables 349 17.7 Keys and Constraints 353 17.8 Advanced Features 354 17.9 Some Data Based On What You Learned 360 17.10 Exercises 361
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